• Children's literature

        It is identified that problems associated with misconceptions about the moon is the misrepresentation of the moon in children's literature. (In a children's book I read when I was little, it explained that the moon was made out of cheese. For the longest time I thought the moon was actually made out of cheese.

• Text books (pictures and written text)

        Many pictures in text books do not vividly show the representation of phases and seasons.

• Mythical concepts/science fiction films

• Incomplete understanding of scientific processes of the students and the Teacher

        Teachers lack of confidence and understanding of how to represent the phases of the moon and explaining the seasons.

• Teachers misconceptions when teaching the material

            With the lack of confidence and understanding of how to represent the material, Teachers hold on to the old preconceived ideas given to them.

• Interpretation

        Children interpret moon phases, day and night, and seasons phenomena by which they observe and taught to them in their own way. They can't get rid of any scientific explanation other than the one they created in their own mind from what they observed and conditioned themselves. Children interpret realities that is comprehensible to their own understandings.

• Terminology

        The movements of the celestial bodies causes problems with children, such as revolution vs. rotation and elliptic vs. circular orbit.  Such terms causes confusion in that often times children can not comprehend that the Sun is the center from the Earth and planets, apart from revolving around the Sun, also rotate around their axis.