History
Athanassiou, Nicholas; McMett, Jeanne M.; Harvey, Carol (2003). Critical Thinking in the Management Classroom: Bloom's Taxonomy as a learning tool. Journal of Management Education, vol.27, pg. 533-555.
Bloom's Taxonomy of Development was developed by Benjamin S. Bloom and his colleagues in 1948. It is a method to improve the exchange of ideas among scholars who were working on ways to discuss comparisons in student achievement with in a larger effort to develop standardized testing(Bloom,1956). Bloom's approach was influenced by Johann F. Herbart (1776-1841), a German philosopher-psychologist who developed a learning model with five steps: preparation, presentation, comparison and abstraction, generalization, and application. Bloom's taxonomy is a six-level classification system that uses observed student behavior to infer the level of student achievement. Moving from simple to more complex, the taxonomy's levels include knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. It has been used as a basis for curriculum analysis, test construction, and data summary (lewy & Bathory, 1994).